{"id":10370,"date":"2013-12-19T22:41:22","date_gmt":"2013-12-19T21:41:22","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/narodnilijek.com\/web\/?p=10370"},"modified":"2018-01-05T20:13:28","modified_gmt":"2018-01-05T19:13:28","slug":"herbarium-kafa","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.narodnilijek.com\/web\/herbarium-kafa\/","title":{"rendered":"Herbarium – Kafa"},"content":{"rendered":"

\"Herbarium<\/p>\n

\"Herbarium<\/p>\n

Nazivi biljke<\/h1>\n

Familija: Rubiaceae
\nNarodni: Kava prava
\nLatinski: Coffea arabica
\nLjekarski: Cofeae semen
\nEngleski: Coffee
\nNjema\u010dki: Bohnenkaffee
\nTalijanski: Caffe
\nFrancuski: Le cafeier<\/h2>\n

Nalazi\u0161te:<\/h3>\n

Potje\u010de iz ju\u017ene Etiopije, kasnije prenesena u Arabiju, a iz nje po cijelom svijetu, pa je zato nazvahu \u00bbarapska kava\u00ab. Najbolja vrsta uzgaja se planta\u017eno u Brazilu. Voli duboku, laganu i vla\u017enu zemlju. Bolja je ona iz planinskih krajeva od one u nizinama.<\/p>\n

Opis:<\/h3>\n

To je grm, odnosno sivo-zeleno drvo, oko 5 m visoko, s nasuprotnim granama, ra\u0161irenim i punim uvijek zelenog, jajastog, odozgo tamnozelenog a odozdo blijedog, nasuprotno postavljenog li\u0161\u0107a. Po tri do sedam bijelih, mirisavih cvjetova stoji u pazu\u0161cima listova. Iz njih se razvije okrugla boba, crvena kao tre\u0161nja pregra\u0111ena u 2 pretinca, sa po jednom ro\u017enatom, sprijeda ravnom, straga zaobljenom sjemenkom – zrnom kave. Ono je oko 7-10 mm dugo, sivo-zelenkaste ili zelenkasto-sme\u0111e boje, usje\u010deno na ravnoj strani brazdom poput zemlje, a vrlo je tvrdo. Nakon dvije godine zrno gubi na te\u017eini. Aroma postaje bolja poslije pr\u017eenja, jer zelena kava (nepr\u017eena) nema taj tipi\u010dni miris i gorka je.<\/p>\n

Sadr\u017ei:<\/h3>\n

Nepr\u017eena kava ima 0,7-1,8% kofeina, 10-11 % masti, 8-12% vode, 5-7% \u0161e\u0107era, te 40% celuloze. Pr\u017eenjem nastaje u zrnju mrko, isparljivo, vrlo aromati\u010dno ulje, zvano kofein, koje sadr\u017ei piridina, acetona, furana, furfurala, furfurilnog alkohola, octene kiseline i jo\u0161 nekih tvari sto nastaju stvaranjem jednog manjeg dijela slobodnog kofeina i karam li\u017eiranjem \u0161e\u0107era, a daju kavi specifi\u010dan miris.<\/p>\n

Bere se:<\/h3>\n

Prvi put se kava s drva bere nakon 3-5 godina. U desetoj godini mo\u017ee jedno drvo dati ve\u0107 1-2 kg kave godi\u0161nje. Obrana se kora su\u0161i na suncu ili na umjetnoj toplini, zatim se olju\u0161ti i re\u0161etima odvajaju krupna od malih zrna, sivo-zelene boje.<\/p>\n

Pripremanje lijeka, primjena i djelovanje:<\/h3>\n

Samljevena pr\u017eena kava upotrebljava se obi\u010dno kao \u010daj, odnosno odvar. Ta, kako ka\u017eemo, \u00bbcrna kava\u00ab daje se u slu\u010daju slabosti srca, kod opadanja tjelesne snage, npr. kod upale plu\u0107a, grozni\u010davih stanja, kod iscrpljenosti u toku i poslije te\u0161kih bolesti. Ona lije\u010di i prevenira migrenu, osobito kad se u nju nacijedi svje\u017eeg limunova soka. Crna kava poti\u010de i krijepi \u017eivce oslabljele za vrijeme dugih bolesti, ili dugog, osobito umnog rada. Ona je, dakle osvje\u017euju\u0107e pice, sr\u010dani analeptik, ali djeluje i kao protuotrov kod trovanja bunikom (Hyoscyamus niger), kukutom ( onium maculatum) i opijumom, za koju svrhu treba brzo pojesti po nekoliko \u017elica samljevene pr\u017eene kave.<\/p>\n

Poma\u017ee i u slu\u010daju opeklina, ako se mjesto ope\u010deno vrelom vodom pospe prahom samljevene pr\u017eene kave, i to 2 puta dnevno. Crna kava, kao pi\u0107e, koristi protiv proljeva, pa i onih te\u017eih, npr. dizenterije, ali je tada nikako ne valja \u0161e\u0107eriti, nego je treba piti gorku, malo ja\u010du, 3 puta dnevno po manju \u0161alicu.<\/p>\n

I zeleno zrnje kave poma\u017ee i lije\u010di razna obo1jenja. Samljeveno u prah snizuje temperaturu kod grozni\u010davih stanja, umiruje veliki ka\u0161alj: 1 g samljevene zelene (nepr\u017eene) kave, razdijeljene u 5 pra\u0161kova, uzima se u 5 jednakih razmaka u toku dana.<\/p>\n

Kad se 25 g samljevene nepr\u017eene kave prelije sa 125 (1,25dl ili \u00bc l) hladne vode, pa ostavi da kisne 12 sati i nakon toga procijedi, pije se nata\u0161te, bez \u0161e\u0107era, protiv reumatizma i dugotrajnih groznica, pa \u010dak i kod malarije.<\/p>\n

Pr\u017eena se kava osim za lije\u010denje rado upotrebljava j za u\u017eitak kao kuhani napitak, zatim kao sirup, liker, slad ili dodatak raznim kremama i kola\u010dima. Ne preporu\u010duje, a ponekada \u010dak zabranjuje, nervoznim osobama, ili oboljelima od \u017eelu\u010danog \u010dira, jer podra\u017euje sluznicu \u017eeluca i \u00bbrazgoni san\u00ab,
\nNervozni ljudi neka je zato ne piju poslije 15 sati.<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Nazivi biljke Familija: Rubiaceae Narodni: Kava prava Latinski: Coffea arabica Ljekarski: Cofeae semen Engleski: Coffee Njema\u010dki: Bohnenkaffee Talijanski: Caffe Francuski: Le cafeier Nalazi\u0161te: Potje\u010de iz ju\u017ene Etiopije, kasnije prenesena u Arabiju, a iz nje po cijelom svijetu, pa je zato nazvahu \u00bbarapska kava\u00ab. Najbolja vrsta uzgaja se planta\u017eno u Brazilu. Voli duboku, laganu i vla\u017enu […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":22231,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"jetpack_post_was_ever_published":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":"","jetpack_publicize_message":"","jetpack_publicize_feature_enabled":true,"jetpack_social_post_already_shared":false,"jetpack_social_options":{"image_generator_settings":{"template":"highway","default_image_id":0,"enabled":false},"version":2}},"categories":[521],"tags":[3262,3261,3263,5093,3260,3259],"class_list":{"0":"post-10370","1":"post","2":"type-post","3":"status-publish","4":"format-standard","5":"has-post-thumbnail","7":"category-herbarium","8":"tag-cofeae-semen","9":"tag-coffea-arabica","10":"tag-coffee","11":"tag-herbarium","12":"tag-kava-prava","13":"tag-rubiaceae"},"yoast_head":"\nHerbarium - 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