{"id":10717,"date":"2013-12-25T00:42:39","date_gmt":"2013-12-24T23:42:39","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/narodnilijek.com\/web\/?p=10717"},"modified":"2020-05-04T19:39:01","modified_gmt":"2020-05-04T18:39:01","slug":"herbarium-bunika","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.narodnilijek.com\/web\/herbarium-bunika\/","title":{"rendered":"Herbarium – Bunika"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

Nazivi biljke<\/h1>\n\n\n\n

Familija: Solanaceae
Narodni: Bunika
Latinski: Hyoscyamus niger
Ljekarski: Hyoscyami folia
Engleski: Henbane hyosciamus leaves
Njema\u010dki: Bilsenkraut schwarzes
Talijanski: Giusquiamo
Francuski: La jusquiame<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Nalazi\u0161te:<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

Raste kao smrdljivi korov kraj naselja, ru\u0161evina, na zapu\u0161tenim i neobra\u0111enim mjestima i buni\u0161tima.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Opis:<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

To je \u010dvrsta, oko 1\/2 m visoka, jednogodi\u0161nja ili dvogodi\u0161nja biljka, te\u0161koga, neugodna mirisa, na vrhu jako razgranata. Nepravilno, perasto, jajoliko li\u0161\u0107e veliko je i sjedi na stabljici bez peteljke. I prljavo\u017euti cvjetovi, u dnu ljubi\u010dasti, imaju tako\u0111er kratke peteljke i stoje pojedina\u010dno u lisnim pazu\u0161cima, a gore u klasu. Plod je \u017eu\u0107kastosme\u0111a, na vrhu nazubljena \u010dahura s poklopcem, puna sjemenja. Biljka je dlakava, ljepljiva gorkog i ljutog okusa. Svi su dijelovi biljke otrovni.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Sadr\u017ei:<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

Alkaloid hiosciamin, ne\u0161to skopolamina i atropina, a u sjemenu ima jo\u0161 i 20–30% masnog ulja i oko 30% \u0161kroba, glikozidne gorke tvari hyoscipikrina i ne\u0161to eteri\u010dnog ulja.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Bere se:<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

Cvate u lipnju i srpnju, pa se tada sabire li\u0161\u0107e.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Pripremanje lijeka, primjena i djelovanje:<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

\u0160iri zjenice, usporuje puls, su\u0161i grlo i usta – kao i beladona, od koje se razlikuje po tome \u0161to je ne\u0161to manje otrovna, manje nadra\u017euje mozak, izaziva \u010dvr\u0161\u0107i san, ali ne dovodi do lu\u0111a\u010dkog pona\u0161anja i ne djeluje na sfinktere guznog crijeva i mokra\u0107nog mjehura. Primjenjuje se kao lijek protiv neuralgija, i\u0161ijasa, reumatizrna \u017eivaca, histerije, hipohondrije i eklampsije, padavice, delirija alkoholi\u010dara i ka\u0161lja svake vrste, aponekad i bacanja krvi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Za o\u010di se upotrebljava samo u slu\u010daju bolesti ro\u017enice i upale zjenice, ali ako je oko ina\u010de zdravo, a upao ljene su samo vje\u0111e, onda bunika nikako ne dolazi u obzir. Kod Parkinsonove bolesti poma\u017ee protiv drhtanja i krivljenja lica, ko\u010denja mi\u0161i\u0107a, posrtanja u hodu. Slu\u017ei kao lijek protiv gr\u010deva u \u017eelucu, crijevima i mokra\u0107nom mjehuru. Regulira i puls. Najbolje je upotrebljavati tinkturu bunike, 10puta razrije\u0111enu destiliranom vodom u dozi od po 1-4 g, ili triput dnevno po 6-24 kapi poslije jela.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Kuhanjem bunikina li\u0161\u0107a u ulju dobiva se oleum Hyoscyami coctum<\/strong>, a prave se i razli\u010diti melemi za masa\u017eu i mazanje protiv reume. Rje\u0111e se izra\u0111uju drugi galenski pripravci, kao npr. ekstrakt i pra\u0161ak. Bunika \u010dini dio mje\u0161avine u cigaretama protiv astme i nekih pilula za \u010di\u0161\u0107enja crijeva. Kao sedativ daje se zajedno s morfijem.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Zbog otrovnosti treba pripravke bunike uzimati samo pod kontrolom lije\u010dnika<\/strong>, a lijekove od nje smije pripremati samo ljekarnik, i to isklju\u010divo na lije\u010dni\u010dki recept. Znaci trovanja bunikom sli\u010dni su kao kod trovanja velebiljem. \u010covjek osje\u0107a kao da lebdi i da nogama ne dodiruje zemlju, hvata ga san i on pada u komu, jer nastaje paraliza centralnog nervnog sistema, osobito centra za disanje.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Nazivi biljke Familija: SolanaceaeNarodni: BunikaLatinski: Hyoscyamus nigerLjekarski: Hyoscyami foliaEngleski: Henbane hyosciamus leavesNjema\u010dki: Bilsenkraut schwarzesTalijanski: GiusquiamoFrancuski: La jusquiame Nalazi\u0161te: Raste kao smrdljivi korov kraj naselja, ru\u0161evina, na zapu\u0161tenim i neobra\u0111enim mjestima i buni\u0161tima. Opis: To je \u010dvrsta, oko 1\/2 m visoka, jednogodi\u0161nja ili dvogodi\u0161nja biljka, te\u0161koga, neugodna mirisa, na vrhu jako razgranata. Nepravilno, perasto, jajoliko li\u0161\u0107e […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":34010,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"jetpack_post_was_ever_published":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":"","jetpack_publicize_message":"","jetpack_publicize_feature_enabled":true,"jetpack_social_post_already_shared":false,"jetpack_social_options":{"image_generator_settings":{"template":"highway","default_image_id":0,"enabled":false},"version":2}},"categories":[521],"tags":[3479,3477,3481,5093,3480,3478],"class_list":{"0":"post-10717","1":"post","2":"type-post","3":"status-publish","4":"format-standard","5":"has-post-thumbnail","7":"category-herbarium","8":"tag-bunika","9":"tag-giusquiamo","10":"tag-henbane-hyosciamus-leaves","11":"tag-herbarium","12":"tag-hyoscyami-folia","13":"tag-hyoscyamus-niger"},"yoast_head":"\nHerbarium - 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