{"id":6794,"date":"2012-12-07T15:43:48","date_gmt":"2012-12-07T14:43:48","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/narodnilijek.com\/web\/?p=6794"},"modified":"2020-09-12T13:49:13","modified_gmt":"2020-09-12T12:49:13","slug":"herbarium-kruska","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.narodnilijek.com\/web\/herbarium-kruska\/","title":{"rendered":"Herbarium – Kru\u0161ka"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

Nazivi biljke<\/h1>\n\n\n\n

Familija: Rosaceae
Narodni: Kru\u0161ka
Latinski: Pyrus communis
Ljekarski: nije u farmakopeji
Engleski: Peartree
Njema\u010dki: Birne
Talijanski: Pero
Francuski: Le poirier<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Nalazi\u0161te:<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

Od vrlo mnogo vrsta kru\u0161aka ve\u0107 su Grci neke oplemenjivali i cijepili. Rimljani su ih kultivirali oko \u010detrdeset vrsta za proizvodnju vo\u0107nih vina.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Opis:<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

Ta vo\u0107ka ima \u010desto visoka stabla, a u novije doba kultiviraju se i kru\u0161ke, kao i neko drugo vo\u0107e, u patuljastom obliku, niske kro\u0161nje, koja se \u0161iri vodoravno a ne u visinu. Listovi su jajoliki, na vrhu \u0161iljati, po rubu fino nazubljeni, oduljih peteljki; na du\u017eim granama smje\u0161teni su naizmjeni\u010dno, a prema vrhovima u \u010dupercima. U doba pupanja listovi su s donje strane pokriveni za\u0161titnim dla\u010dicarna, koje kasnije nestanu. Bijeli cvjetovi neugodno miri\u0161u, imaju 5 latica, mnogo pra\u0161nika i plodnicu s 5 pretinaca, s obiljem meda. Plod je kru\u0161ka, prema peteljci ne\u0161to produ\u017eena, s trajnim ostatkom \u010da\u0161ke. Cvjeta istodobno kad propupa i li\u0161\u0107e, u travnju i svibnju, poslije tre\u0161nje a prije jabuke.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Sadr\u017ei:<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

U kru\u0161ki ima mnogo vo\u0107nog \u0161e\u0107era; koji podnose \u010dak i dijabeti\u010dari, zatim kalija, koji smanjuje ote\u010denost kod vodene bolesti, mnogo organskih kiselina, mineralnih soli i pektina, te nekih konzerviraju\u0107ih tvari koje djeluju adstringentno i malo ste\u017eu usta. Mladi listovi i kora, kao i pu povi, sadr\u017ee specijalni glikozid, tzv. arbutosid, koji dezinficira mokra\u0107ne putove, pa lije\u010di katar mokra\u0107nog mjehura i bubrega, a poma\u017ee i protiv no\u0107nog mokrenja u krevet.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Bere se:<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

U fazi pupanja i cvjetanja, a li\u0161\u0107e i poslije.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Pripremanje lijeka, primjena i djelovanje:<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

Pupovi i li\u0161\u0107e, koliko se prstima zahvati (po prilici jedna velika \u017elica), ubace se u 2,5 dl. kipu\u0107e vode. To se potopi i pokrije da ponovo zakipi pa odmah makne u stranu. Ostavi se poklopljeno 10- 15 minuta i zatim se procijedi. Pije se triput dnevno po \u0161alica, poslije jela, ili dvaput kao svaki stolni \u010daj, za zajutrak i u\u017einu. Taj \u010daj, zbog adstringentnih tvari i antisepti\u010dnog svojstva, djeluje protiv proljeva, a pospje\u0161uje mokrenje, pa koristi protiv reumatizma i karnenaca razli\u010dite etiologije, protiv gihta iangine. Odstranjuje i pijesak iz mokra\u0107nog mjehura i bubre\u017ene \u010da\u0161ke, osobito \u010daj od mladog li\u0161\u0107a, jer u mladom li\u0161\u0107u ima najvi\u0161e aktivnog arbutina.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Kru\u0161ke se jedu i sirove i kao kornpot, poslije redovnih obroka, ali i izmedu obroka za osvje\u017eenje. U srednjem vijeku lije\u010dnici su upozoravali da su kru\u0161ke te\u0161ko probavljive, da optere\u0107uju probavu, pa da vi\u0161e \u0161kode nego \u0161to koriste. Ali sve vrste nemaju jednako djelovanje. Kad su potpuno zrele podnose ih i ljudi sa osjetljivim \u017eelucern. Ipak se preporu\u010da osjetljivima, osobito oboljelim na probavnim organima, da kru\u0161ke upotrebljavaju samo kuhane, kao kornpot. Tada su i veoma korisne, jer djeluju na krvotok i funkciju bugrega, a uz to su i prikladan dodatak prehrani.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Nazivi biljke Familija: RosaceaeNarodni: Kru\u0161kaLatinski: Pyrus communisLjekarski: nije u farmakopejiEngleski: PeartreeNjema\u010dki: BirneTalijanski: PeroFrancuski: Le poirier Nalazi\u0161te: Od vrlo mnogo vrsta kru\u0161aka ve\u0107 su Grci neke oplemenjivali i cijepili. Rimljani su ih kultivirali oko \u010detrdeset vrsta za proizvodnju vo\u0107nih vina. Opis: Ta vo\u0107ka ima \u010desto visoka stabla, a u novije doba kultiviraju se i kru\u0161ke, kao […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":36285,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"jetpack_post_was_ever_published":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":"","jetpack_publicize_message":"","jetpack_publicize_feature_enabled":true,"jetpack_social_post_already_shared":false,"jetpack_social_options":{"image_generator_settings":{"template":"highway","default_image_id":0,"enabled":false},"version":2}},"categories":[521],"tags":[5093,735,5299],"class_list":{"0":"post-6794","1":"post","2":"type-post","3":"status-publish","4":"format-standard","5":"has-post-thumbnail","7":"category-herbarium","8":"tag-herbarium","9":"tag-kruska","10":"tag-pyrus-communis"},"yoast_head":"\nHerbarium - 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